------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:28 at refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28, CPU#0: ktimers/0/16 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16 Comm: ktimers/0 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/18/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28 Code: 64 e3 f1 0a 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 f8 2b 23 fd 48 8d 3d 61 e3 f1 0a 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 e5 2b 23 fd 48 8d 3d 5e e3 f1 0a <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 24 e8 d2 2b 23 fd 48 8d 3d 5b e3 f1 0a 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc90000157a28 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: ffffffff84a13cdb RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: ffff88801cee0000 RDX: 0000000000000100 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffffff8f932040 RBP: ffffc90000157b30 R08: ffff88801cee0000 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000004 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00000000ffffd579 R14: ffff88805efae820 R15: ffff88805efae9b8 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88812617d000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000200000404030 CR3: 0000000040e8c000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: call_timer_fn+0x192/0x5e0 kernel/time/timer.c:1748 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1799 [inline] __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2374 [inline] __run_timer_base+0x6a3/0x9f0 kernel/time/timer.c:2386 run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2395 [inline] run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x170 kernel/time/timer.c:2405 handle_softirqs+0x1de/0x6d0 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] run_ktimerd+0x69/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1151 smpboot_thread_fn+0x541/0xa50 kernel/smpboot.c:160 kthread+0x388/0x470 kernel/kthread.c:436 ret_from_fork+0x514/0xb70 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: 64 e3 f1 fs jrcxz 0xfffffff4 3: 0a 67 48 or 0x48(%rdi),%ah 6: 0f b9 3a ud1 (%rdx),%edi 9: eb 4a jmp 0x55 b: e8 f8 2b 23 fd call 0xfd232c08 10: 48 8d 3d 61 e3 f1 0a lea 0xaf1e361(%rip),%rdi # 0xaf1e378 17: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1c: eb 37 jmp 0x55 1e: e8 e5 2b 23 fd call 0xfd232c08 23: 48 8d 3d 5e e3 f1 0a lea 0xaf1e35e(%rip),%rdi # 0xaf1e388 * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 24 jmp 0x55 31: e8 d2 2b 23 fd call 0xfd232c08 36: 48 8d 3d 5b e3 f1 0a lea 0xaf1e35b(%rip),%rdi # 0xaf1e398 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf