------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:22 at refcount_warn_saturate+0x8c/0x110 lib/refcount.c:22, CPU#0: syz.4.191/7100 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 7100 Comm: syz.4.191 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/09/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x8c/0x110 lib/refcount.c:22 Code: 75 68 e8 47 fd 13 fd 48 8d 3d 80 28 e6 0a 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 66 85 db 74 3e 83 fb 01 75 4c e8 2b fd 13 fd 48 8d 3d 74 28 e6 0a <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 18 fd 13 fd 48 8d 3d 71 28 e6 0a 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc90003d2f858 EFLAGS: 00010287 RAX: ffffffff84b11af5 RBX: 0000000000000001 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90013f42000 RSI: 0000000000000b40 RDI: ffffffff8f974370 RBP: 00000000ffffffff R08: ffff88802c2f8000 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000004 R12: ffff88802c10a818 R13: ffffffff99800a60 R14: ffff88802c10a810 R15: ffff88802c10a800 FS: 00007fa127d586c0(0000) GS:ffff888125ed3000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fa129f95fc0 CR3: 000000003eea4000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline] kref_get include/linux/kref.h:45 [inline] dvb_device_get drivers/media/dvb-core/dvbdev.c:621 [inline] dvb_device_open+0x30a/0x350 drivers/media/dvb-core/dvbdev.c:106 chrdev_open+0x4dc/0x600 fs/char_dev.c:411 do_dentry_open+0x849/0x1420 fs/open.c:947 vfs_open+0x3b/0x350 fs/open.c:1052 do_open fs/namei.c:4700 [inline] path_openat+0x2e60/0x3850 fs/namei.c:4859 do_file_open+0x23e/0x4a0 fs/namei.c:4888 do_sys_openat2+0x115/0x200 fs/open.c:1368 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1374 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1390 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1385 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x138/0x170 fs/open.c:1385 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x174/0x580 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fa129f6d68e Code: 08 0f 85 a5 a8 ff ff 49 89 fb 48 89 f0 48 89 d7 48 89 ce 4c 89 c2 4d 89 ca 4c 8b 44 24 08 4c 8b 4c 24 10 4c 89 5c 24 08 0f 05 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 08 RSP: 002b:00007fa127d57b28 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000101 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fa127d586c0 RCX: 00007fa129f6d68e RDX: 0000000000000102 RSI: 00007fa127d57c00 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007fa127d57c00 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: cccccccccccccccd R13: 00007fa12a226308 R14: 00007fa12a226270 R15: 00007fffbe644dc8 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: 75 68 jne 0x6a 2: e8 47 fd 13 fd call 0xfd13fd4e 7: 48 8d 3d 80 28 e6 0a lea 0xae62880(%rip),%rdi # 0xae6288e e: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 13: eb 66 jmp 0x7b 15: 85 db test %ebx,%ebx 17: 74 3e je 0x57 19: 83 fb 01 cmp $0x1,%ebx 1c: 75 4c jne 0x6a 1e: e8 2b fd 13 fd call 0xfd13fd4e 23: 48 8d 3d 74 28 e6 0a lea 0xae62874(%rip),%rdi # 0xae6289e * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 4a jmp 0x7b 31: e8 18 fd 13 fd call 0xfd13fd4e 36: 48 8d 3d 71 28 e6 0a lea 0xae62871(%rip),%rdi # 0xae628ae 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf