possible deadlock in ib_register_device

Status: upstream: reported on 2026/07/27 10:32
Reported-by: syzbot+d1d4eec0908ddb161a41@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 34d, last: 34d

Sample crash report:
======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
syzkaller #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
syz.3.17/4313 is trying to acquire lock:
ffffffff8d232ad0 (devices_rwsem){++++}-{3:3}, at: assign_name drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1216 [inline]
ffffffff8d232ad0 (devices_rwsem){++++}-{3:3}, at: ib_register_device+0xcb/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1380

but task is already holding lock:
ffffffff8c1d4a08 (param_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: kernel_param_lock kernel/params.c:598 [inline]
ffffffff8c1d4a08 (param_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: param_attr_store+0xcb/0x300 kernel/params.c:583

which lock already depends on the new lock.


the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #5 (param_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common+0x1e5/0x2400 kernel/locking/mutex.c:596
       __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:729 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x17/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:743
       ieee80211_rate_control_ops_get net/mac80211/rate.c:192 [inline]
       rate_control_alloc net/mac80211/rate.c:239 [inline]
       ieee80211_init_rate_ctrl_alg+0x171/0x5e0 net/mac80211/rate.c:983
       ieee80211_register_hw+0x23c6/0x3a60 net/mac80211/main.c:1252
       mac80211_hwsim_new_radio+0x209d/0x4050 drivers/net/wireless/mac80211_hwsim.c:3373
       init_mac80211_hwsim+0x581/0x720 drivers/net/wireless/mac80211_hwsim.c:4606
       do_one_initcall+0x272/0x730 init/main.c:1315
       do_initcall_level+0x13d/0x1f0 init/main.c:1388
       do_initcalls+0x4b/0x90 init/main.c:1404
       kernel_init_freeable+0x3d5/0x560 init/main.c:1628
       kernel_init+0x19/0x1b0 init/main.c:1519
       ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:287

-> #4 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common+0x1e5/0x2400 kernel/locking/mutex.c:596
       __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:729 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x17/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:743
       ib_get_eth_speed+0x16b/0x500 drivers/infiniband/core/verbs.c:1905
       rxe_query_port+0x58/0x190 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:41
       __ib_query_port drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:2081 [inline]
       ib_query_port+0x15e/0x7e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:2113
       rxe_port_immutable+0xe0/0x240 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:132
       setup_port_data drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:857 [inline]
       setup_device drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1253 [inline]
       ib_register_device+0xd42/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1392
       rxe_register_device+0x256/0x360 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1137
       rxe_net_add+0x77/0xe0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:549
       rxe_newlink+0x66/0x100 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:272
       nldev_newlink+0x524/0x580 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1711
       rdma_nl_rcv_msg drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:-1 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv+0x6d8/0xa00 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1314 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x78f/0x940 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1340
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8ba/0xbe0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1919
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:706 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:718 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x5be/0x8f0 net/socket.c:2446
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x236/0x2e0 net/socket.c:2500
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2529 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2538 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1b7/0x2a0 net/socket.c:2536
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

-> #3 (&rxe->usdev_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common+0x1e5/0x2400 kernel/locking/mutex.c:596
       __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:729 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x17/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:743
       rxe_query_port+0x46/0x190 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:40
       __ib_query_port drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:2081 [inline]
       ib_query_port+0x15e/0x7e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:2113
       ib_setup_port_attrs+0x27b/0x2140 drivers/infiniband/core/sysfs.c:1422
       add_one_compat_dev+0x3da/0x5c0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:978
       add_compat_devs drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1036 [inline]
       enable_device_and_get+0x2ac/0x3d0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1347
       ib_register_device+0x1039/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1429
       rxe_register_device+0x256/0x360 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1137
       rxe_net_add+0x77/0xe0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:549
       rxe_newlink+0x66/0x100 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:272
       nldev_newlink+0x524/0x580 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1711
       rdma_nl_rcv_msg drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:-1 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv+0x6d8/0xa00 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1314 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x78f/0x940 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1340
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8ba/0xbe0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1919
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:706 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:718 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x5be/0x8f0 net/socket.c:2446
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x236/0x2e0 net/socket.c:2500
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2529 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2538 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1b7/0x2a0 net/socket.c:2536
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

-> #2 (&device->compat_devs_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common+0x1e5/0x2400 kernel/locking/mutex.c:596
       __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:729 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x17/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:743
       add_one_compat_dev+0xee/0x5c0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:952
       add_compat_devs drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1036 [inline]
       enable_device_and_get+0x2ac/0x3d0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1347
       ib_register_device+0x1039/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1429
       rxe_register_device+0x256/0x360 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1137
       rxe_net_add+0x77/0xe0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:549
       rxe_newlink+0x66/0x100 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:272
       nldev_newlink+0x524/0x580 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1711
       rdma_nl_rcv_msg drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:-1 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv+0x6d8/0xa00 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1314 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x78f/0x940 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1340
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8ba/0xbe0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1919
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:706 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:718 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x5be/0x8f0 net/socket.c:2446
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x236/0x2e0 net/socket.c:2500
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2529 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2538 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1b7/0x2a0 net/socket.c:2536
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

-> #1 (rdma_nets_rwsem){.+.+}-{3:3}:
       down_read+0x44/0x2e0 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1498
       add_compat_devs drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1034 [inline]
       enable_device_and_get+0x275/0x3d0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1347
       ib_register_device+0x1039/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1429
       rxe_register_device+0x256/0x360 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1137
       rxe_net_add+0x77/0xe0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:549
       rxe_newlink+0x66/0x100 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:272
       nldev_newlink+0x524/0x580 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1711
       rdma_nl_rcv_msg drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:-1 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline]
       rdma_nl_rcv+0x6d8/0xa00 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1314 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x78f/0x940 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1340
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8ba/0xbe0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1919
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:706 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:718 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x5be/0x8f0 net/socket.c:2446
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x236/0x2e0 net/socket.c:2500
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2529 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2538 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1b7/0x2a0 net/socket.c:2536
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

-> #0 (devices_rwsem){++++}-{3:3}:
       check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3053 [inline]
       check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3172 [inline]
       validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3788 [inline]
       __lock_acquire+0x2c66/0x7b50 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5012
       lock_acquire+0x19e/0x400 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5623
       down_write+0x38/0x60 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1551
       assign_name drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1216 [inline]
       ib_register_device+0xcb/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1380
       rxe_register_device+0x256/0x360 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1137
       rxe_net_add+0x77/0xe0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:549
       rxe_param_set_add+0x395/0x590 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_sysfs.c:68
       param_attr_store+0x20a/0x300 kernel/params.c:585
       module_attr_store+0x5b/0x80 kernel/params.c:905
       kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x3a8/0x500 fs/kernfs/file.c:296
       call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2173 [inline]
       new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:507 [inline]
       vfs_write+0x748/0xd70 fs/read_write.c:594
       ksys_write+0x153/0x260 fs/read_write.c:647
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

other info that might help us debug this:

Chain exists of:
  devices_rwsem --> rtnl_mutex --> param_lock

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  lock(param_lock);
                               lock(rtnl_mutex);
                               lock(param_lock);
  lock(devices_rwsem);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

5 locks held by syz.3.17/4313:
 #0: ffff88802b59b9f0 (&f->f_pos_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: __fdget_pos+0x2bf/0x370 fs/file.c:1056
 #1: ffff88807c95a460 (sb_writers#8){.+.+}-{0:0}, at: vfs_write+0x296/0xd70 fs/read_write.c:590
 #2: ffff88805ec49c88 (&of->mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x1dc/0x500 fs/kernfs/file.c:287
 #3: ffff88801a38ea00 (kn->active){++++}-{0:0}, at: kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x1fd/0x500 fs/kernfs/file.c:288
 #4: ffffffff8c1d4a08 (param_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: kernel_param_lock kernel/params.c:598 [inline]
 #4: ffffffff8c1d4a08 (param_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: param_attr_store+0xcb/0x300 kernel/params.c:583

stack backtrace:
CPU: 0 PID: 4313 Comm: syz.3.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/16/2026
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x188/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:106
 check_noncircular+0x296/0x330 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2133
 check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3053 [inline]
 check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3172 [inline]
 validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3788 [inline]
 __lock_acquire+0x2c66/0x7b50 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5012
 lock_acquire+0x19e/0x400 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5623
 down_write+0x38/0x60 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1551
 assign_name drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1216 [inline]
 ib_register_device+0xcb/0x12e0 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1380
 rxe_register_device+0x256/0x360 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1137
 rxe_net_add+0x77/0xe0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:549
 rxe_param_set_add+0x395/0x590 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_sysfs.c:68
 param_attr_store+0x20a/0x300 kernel/params.c:585
 module_attr_store+0x5b/0x80 kernel/params.c:905
 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x3a8/0x500 fs/kernfs/file.c:296
 call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2173 [inline]
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:507 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x748/0xd70 fs/read_write.c:594
 ksys_write+0x153/0x260 fs/read_write.c:647
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0
RIP: 0033:0x7f6c1ade6e99
Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007f6c1903f028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f6c1b06efa0 RCX: 00007f6c1ade6e99
RDX: 0000000000000005 RSI: 0000200000000080 RDI: 0000000000000003
RBP: 00007f6c1ae7ceaf R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f6c1b06f038 R14: 00007f6c1b06efa0 R15: 00007ffc14ac5f48
 </TASK>
eth0 speed is unknown, defaulting to 1000
eth0 speed is unknown, defaulting to 1000
eth0 speed is unknown, defaulting to 1000

Crashes (2):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/07/27 10:35 linux-5.15.y 674f684f7c61 492bab15 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-5-15-kasan possible deadlock in ib_register_device
2026/07/27 10:32 linux-5.15.y 674f684f7c61 492bab15 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-5-15-kasan possible deadlock in ib_register_device
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.