syzbot


WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put (6)

Status: moderation: reported on 2026/05/19 02:47
Subsystems: sctp
[Documentation on labels]
Reported-by: syzbot+c0217e797c3dc836a952@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 5d19h, last: 5d17h
Similar bugs (7)
Kernel Title Rank 🛈 Repro Cause bisect Fix bisect Count Last Reported Patched Status
upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put (5) sctp 13 1 188d 184d 0/29 auto-obsoleted due to no activity on 2026/02/21 20:05
upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put (4) sctp 13 1 590d 586d 0/29 auto-obsoleted due to no activity on 2025/01/05 10:09
upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put (3) sctp 13 11 1599d 1905d 0/29 auto-closed as invalid on 2022/05/02 09:19
upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put (2) sctp 13 2 2401d 2419d 0/29 auto-closed as invalid on 2020/02/20 05:23
upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put sctp 13 5 2773d 2836d 0/29 auto-closed as invalid on 2019/04/14 11:41
linux-6.1 WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put 13 1 224d 224d 0/3 auto-obsoleted due to no activity on 2026/01/16 15:15
linux-5.15 WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put 13 1 939d 939d 0/3 auto-obsoleted due to no activity on 2024/02/01 01:35

Sample crash report:
------------[ cut here ]------------
refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
WARNING: lib/refcount.c:28 at refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x130 lib/refcount.c:28, CPU#0: swapper/0/0
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x130 lib/refcount.c:28
Code: cc e8 b0 3a 0f fd 48 8d 3d 49 e7 e8 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a e8 9f 3a 0f fd 5b 5d e9 d8 66 94 06 e8 93 3a 0f fd 48 8d 3d 3c e7 e8 0b <67> 48 0f b9 3a e8 82 3a 0f fd 5b 5d c3 cc cc cc cc e8 76 3a 0f fd
RSP: 0018:ffffc90000007c18 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88805ea27020 RCX: ffffffff84f963bb
RDX: ffffffff8e4955c0 RSI: ffffffff84f9644d RDI: ffffffff90e24b90
RBP: 0000000000000003 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: 0000000000000004
R10: 0000000000000003 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88805ea27020
R13: 1ffff92000000f8d R14: ffffffff8ac3d620 R15: 0000000000000001
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880d6370000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 000020000087b000 CR3: 0000000051ad7000 CR4: 0000000000352ef0
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>
 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:400 [inline]
 __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:432 [inline]
 refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:450 [inline]
 sctp_transport_put+0x134/0x180 net/sctp/transport.c:476
 call_timer_fn+0x19a/0x640 kernel/time/timer.c:1748
 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1799 [inline]
 __run_timers+0x75f/0xaf0 kernel/time/timer.c:2374
 __run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2386 [inline]
 __run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2378 [inline]
 run_timer_base+0x114/0x190 kernel/time/timer.c:2395
 run_timer_softirq+0x1a/0x50 kernel/time/timer.c:2405
 handle_softirqs+0x1ea/0xa00 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0x162/0x210 kernel/softirq.c:735
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:752
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1061 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa3/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1061
 </IRQ>
 <TASK>
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
RIP: 0010:pv_native_safe_halt+0xf/0x20 arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c:63
Code: c6 92 02 e9 c3 42 03 00 0f 1f 00 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 f3 0f 1e fa eb 07 0f 00 2d a3 f1 20 00 fb f4 <c3> cc cc cc cc 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 66 90 90 90 90 90 90
RSP: 0018:ffffffff8e407e00 EFLAGS: 00000202
RAX: 00000000000e8cd5 RBX: ffffffff8e4955c0 RCX: ffffffff8b8aa095
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff8df215d0 RDI: ffffffff8c1c3800
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed100d4867b5
R10: ffff88806a433dab R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: fffffbfff1c92ab8 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffffffff90d7bc50
 arch_safe_halt arch/x86/include/asm/paravirt.h:62 [inline]
 default_idle+0x9/0x10 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:767
 default_idle_call+0x6c/0xb0 kernel/sched/idle.c:122
 cpuidle_idle_call kernel/sched/idle.c:199 [inline]
 do_idle+0x464/0x590 kernel/sched/idle.c:352
 cpu_startup_entry+0x4f/0x60 kernel/sched/idle.c:451
 rest_init+0x251/0x260 init/main.c:762
 start_kernel+0x484/0x490 init/main.c:1220
 x86_64_start_reservations+0x24/0x30 arch/x86/kernel/head64.c:310
 x86_64_start_kernel+0x12b/0x130 arch/x86/kernel/head64.c:291
 common_startup_64+0x13e/0x148
 </TASK>
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
   0:	cc                   	int3
   1:	e8 b0 3a 0f fd       	call   0xfd0f3ab6
   6:	48 8d 3d 49 e7 e8 0b 	lea    0xbe8e749(%rip),%rdi        # 0xbe8e756
   d:	67 48 0f b9 3a       	ud1    (%edx),%rdi
  12:	e8 9f 3a 0f fd       	call   0xfd0f3ab6
  17:	5b                   	pop    %rbx
  18:	5d                   	pop    %rbp
  19:	e9 d8 66 94 06       	jmp    0x69466f6
  1e:	e8 93 3a 0f fd       	call   0xfd0f3ab6
  23:	48 8d 3d 3c e7 e8 0b 	lea    0xbe8e73c(%rip),%rdi        # 0xbe8e766
* 2a:	67 48 0f b9 3a       	ud1    (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction
  2f:	e8 82 3a 0f fd       	call   0xfd0f3ab6
  34:	5b                   	pop    %rbx
  35:	5d                   	pop    %rbp
  36:	c3                   	ret
  37:	cc                   	int3
  38:	cc                   	int3
  39:	cc                   	int3
  3a:	cc                   	int3
  3b:	e8 76 3a 0f fd       	call   0xfd0f3ab6

Crashes (2):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/05/15 04:09 upstream 66182ca873a4 6ccb967e .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put
2026/05/15 02:37 upstream 66182ca873a4 6ccb967e .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream WARNING: refcount bug in sctp_transport_put
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.